vitamin - meaning and definition. What is vitamin
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What (who) is vitamin - definition

ORGANIC COMPOUND AND A VITAL NUTRIENT THAT AN ORGANISM REQUIRES IN LIMITED AMOUNTS
Vitamins; Liquid vitamin; Fat soluble vitamins; Vitamine; Fat-soluble vitamins; Water-soluble vitamins; Fat-soluble vitamin; Vital amine; List of Vitamins; Fat soluble vitamin; History of vitamins; Vit.
  • Calcium combined with vitamin D (as calciferol) supplement tablets with fillers.
  • [[Jack Drummond]]'s single-paragraph article in 1920 which provided structure and nomenclature used today for vitamins

vitamins         
n. to take vitamins
vitamin         
(vitamins)
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
Vitamins are substances that you need in order to remain healthy, which are found in food or can be eaten in the form of pills.
Butter, margarine, and oily fish are all good sources of vitamin D.
N-COUNT: oft N n
vitamin         
['v?t?m?n, 'v??t-]
¦ noun any of a group of organic compounds which are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.
Origin
early 20th cent.: from L. vita 'life' + amine, because vitamins were orig. thought to contain an amino acid.

Wikipedia

Vitamin

A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of closely related molecules called vitamers) that are essential to an organism in small quantities for proper metabolic function. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism in sufficient quantities for survival, and therefore must be obtained through the diet. For example, Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not considered a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of related molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.

The term vitamin does not include the three other groups of essential nutrients: minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids.

Major health organizations list thirteen vitamins:

  • Vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as well as all-trans-beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids)
  • Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
  • Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
  • Vitamin B3 (niacin)
  • Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)
  • Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
  • Vitamin B7 (biotin)
  • Vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate)
  • Vitamin B12 (cobalamins)
  • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
  • Vitamin D (calciferols)
  • Vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols)
  • vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones)

Some sources include a fourteenth, choline.

Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue growth and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, regulating mineral metabolism for bones and other organs. The B complex vitamins function as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E function as antioxidants. Both deficient and excess intake of a vitamin can potentially cause clinically significant illness, although excess intake of water-soluble vitamins is less likely to do so.

All the vitamins were discovered between 1913 and 1948. Historically, when intake of vitamins from diet was lacking, the results were vitamin deficiency diseases. Then, starting in 1935, commercially produced tablets of yeast-extract vitamin B complex and semi-synthetic vitamin C became available. This was followed in the 1950s by the mass production and marketing of vitamin supplements, including multivitamins, to prevent vitamin deficiencies in the general population. Governments have mandated the addition of some vitamins to staple foods such as flour or milk, referred to as food fortification, to prevent deficiencies. Recommendations for folic acid supplementation during pregnancy reduced risk of infant neural tube defects.

Examples of use of vitamin
1. Vitamin D supplements are available in two forms – vitamin D2 and vitamin D3.
2. Vitamins in the study included iron, calcium, magnesium, vitamin B12, vitamin D, zinc and vitamin A.
3. Vitamin D supplements are available in two forms – vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 – researchers recommend vitamin D3 because it is more active and effective.
4. The carotenoids, needed to make vitamin A and, to a lesser extent, vitamin E, are affected.
5. Vitamin A is an anti–oxidant vitamin important for good vision and bone growth.